Indian Classical Dance – An Overview

Indian classical dance is a new term for various codified art forms rooted in Natya, the sacred Hindu musical theatre styles, whose theory can be traced back to the Natya Shastra of Bharata Muni in 400 BC. With the advancements of time, new methodologies in dance have been added in the Indian dance arena.

Out of the 9 recognized Indian classical dance forms, the only 2 temple dance styles have their origin in Natya Shastra are Odissi and Bharata Natyam. These 2 are also prescribed by the Agamas. These 2 most faithfully adhere to the Natya Shastra, but currently don’t include Vaachikaabhinaya (which is also called dialog acts), although some styles of Bharata Natyam, prescribe the lip movements indicating Vaachikaabhinaya.

Kuchipudi, another popular form of Indian classical dance, prescribes the lip movements indicating Vaachikaabhinaya, and Mohiniyattam are relatively recent Darbari Aatam forms.

One thing needs to be considered here, in the preset time the Sangeet Natak Akademi (the apex body of Indian music and dance) does not consider the recently reconstructed dance styles of Andhra Pradesh such as Vilasini Natyam and Andhra Natyam as “classical”.

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